我们所用的宏包为colortbl,这个宏包可以设置表格中数据、文本、行、列、单元格前景和背景以及边框的颜色,从而得到彩色表格。同时需要 array 和 color 两个宏包的支持。 宏包提供了一组着色命令,经常用到是列着色命令,其格式为:
\columncolor[色系]{色名}[左伸出][右伸出]。
常用色系有三原色 rgb 灰度 gray 和四色cmyk三种;被预定义的色名有68个,详见 color 宏包介绍中所附的色标;左右伸出的长度单位可用 pt。
colortbl 的主要命令
命令
|
作用
|
\columncolor
|
让整个字段着色
|
\rowcolor
|
整个横列着色
|
\arrayrulecolor{颜色}
|
指定线条的颜色
|
\doublerulesepcolor{颜色}
|
指定双线内间隔的颜色
|
\columncolor[颜色模型]{颜色}[左伸出长度][右伸出长度]
我们现在就来看个实例,这里头有些例子,包括:灰阶横条、部份字段着色、整个表格在着色背景及单一个表格内方框着色:
\usepackage{textcomp,booktabs}
\usepackage[usenames,dvipsnames]{color}
\usepackage{colortbl}
\definecolor{mygray}{gray}{.9}
\definecolor{mypink}{rgb}{.99,.91,.95}
\definecolor{mycyan}{cmyk}{.3,0,0,0}
\parindent=0pt
\parskip=3ex
\begin{document}
\centering
\section*{SPECIFIC HEATS (20 \textcelsius\ AND 1 ATM)}
\begin{tabular}{>{\sf }lll} %
\toprule
& \multicolumn{2}{c}{\bf Specific Heats} \\
\cmidrule{2-3}
& $c$ (J/kg$\cdot$K) & $C$ (J/mol$\cdot$K) \\
\midrule
Aluminum & 900 & 24.3 \\
\rowcolor{mygray}
Copper & 385 & 24.4 \\
Gold & 130 & 25.6 \\
\rowcolor{mygray}
Steel/Iron & 450 & 25.0 \\
Lead & 130 & 26.8 \\
\rowcolor{mygray}
Mercury & 140 & 28.0 \\
Water & 4190 & 75.4 \\
\rowcolor{mygray}
Ice ($-$10 \textcelsius) & 2100 & 38 \\
\bottomrule
\end{tabular}
\vspace{8ex} %
\section*{SPECIFIC HEATS (20 \textcelsius\ AND 1 ATM)}
\begin{tabular}{>{\columncolor{mypink}\sf }lll@{}}
\toprule
\rowcolor{white}
& \multicolumn{2}{c}{\bf Specific Heats} \\
\cmidrule{2-3}
\rowcolor{white}
& $c$ (J/kg$\cdot$K) & $C$ (J/mol$\cdot$K) \\
\midrule
Aluminum & 900 & 24.3 \\
Copper & 385 & 24.4 \\
Gold & 130 & 25.6 \\
Steel/Iron & 450 & 25.0 \\
Lead & 130 & 26.8 \\
Mercury & 140 & 28.0 \\
Water & 4190 & 75.4 \\
Ice ($-$10 \textcelsius) & 2100 & 38 \\
\bottomrule
\end{tabular}
\section*{SPECIFIC HEATS (20 \textcelsius\ AND 1 ATM)}
\fboxsep=12pt
\colorbox{mypink}{
\begin{tabular}{@{}>{\sf }lll@{}}
\toprule
& \multicolumn{2}{c}{\bf Specific Heats} \\
\cmidrule{2-3}
& $c$ (J/kg$\cdot$K) & $C$ (J/mol$\cdot$K) \\
\midrule
Aluminum & 900 & 24.3 \\
Copper & 385 & 24.4 \\
Gold & 130 & 25.6 \\
Steel/Iron & 450 & 25.0 \\
Lead & 130 & 26.8 \\
Mercury & 140 & 28.0 \\
Water & 4190 & 75.4 \\
Ice ($-$10 \textcelsius) & 2100 & 38 \\
\bottomrule
\end{tabular}}
\vspace{8ex} %
\section*{SPECIFIC HEATS (20 \textcelsius\ AND 1 ATM)}
\begin{tabular}{@{}>{\sf }lll@{}}
\toprule
& \multicolumn{2}{c}{\bf Specific Heats} \\
\cmidrule{2-3}
& $c$ (J/kg$\cdot$K) & $C$ (J/mol$\cdot$K) \\
\midrule
Aluminum & 900 & 24.3 \\
Copper & 385 & 24.4 \\
Gold & 130 & 25.6 \\
Steel/Iron & 450 & 25.0 \\
Lead & 130 & 26.8 \\
Mercury & 140 & 28.0 \\
Water & \multicolumn{1}{>{\columncolor{mycyan}}l}{4190} & 75.4 \\
Ice ($-$10 \textcelsius) & 2100 & 38 \\
\bottomrule
\end{tabular}
\setlength{\extrarowheight}{2mm}
\begin{tabular}{|l|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|}
\hline
Sydney & OG4G &Thu Oct 10 &Mon Oct 21 or 28 &11 or 18 days &999\\
\rowcolor[gray]{0.5}
& &Thu Oct 17 &Mon Oct 21 or 28 & 4 or 11 days &999\\
&OG7A &Sun Oct 13 &Mon Oct 21 or 28 & 8 or 15 days &999\\
\rowcolor[gray]{0.5}
& &Sun Oct 20 &Mon Oct 28 & 8 days &999\\
\hline
\end{tabular}
\setlength{\extrarowheight}{2mm}
\setlength{\tabcolsep}{2mm}
\begin{tabular}{|l|%
>{\columncolor{yellow}}c|c|>{\columncolor{yellow}}c|c|%
>{\columncolor{red}\bfseries}c<{\textsc{GBP}}|}
\hline
\multicolumn{3}{>{\columncolor{red}}l}{\color{white}\textsf{LONDON}}
&\multicolumn{3}{>{\columncolor{red}}r}{\color{white}\textsf{Price}}
\\[1pt]
\hline
Sydney & OG4G &Thu Oct 10 &Mon Oct 21 or 28 &11 or 18 days &999\\
& &Thu Oct 17 &Mon Oct 21 or 28 & 4 or 11 days &999\\
& OG7A &Sun Oct 13 &Mon Oct 21 or 28 & 8 or 15 days &999\\
& &Sun Oct 20 &Mon Oct 28 & 8 days &999\\
\hline
\end{tabular}
\setlength{\arrayrulewidth}{2pt}
\arrayrulecolor{green}
\begin{tabular}{|l|c|r|}
\arrayrulecolor{black}\hline
United Kingdom & London & Thames\\
\arrayrulecolor{blue}\hline
France & Paris & Seine \\
\arrayrulecolor{black}\cline{1-1}
\arrayrulecolor{red}\cline{2-3}
Russia & Moscow & Moskva \\ \hline
\end{tabular}
\end{document}
该模版运行结果表格效果如下: